Eysenck's method for determining temperament. Description, interpretation of results
Everyone has heard about the types of temperament, such assanguine, choleric, melancholic and phlegmatic. Many even passed tests to determine their temperament. Eysenck's method makes it possible to reveal the innate properties of a person that affect his entire future life. Everyone is interested in what drives his actions, feelings and emotions. Eysenck, using the materials of his numerous predecessors, created a test capable of determining to which type of temperament a person belongs.
If you answer questions about testing honestly andstraight, this technique shows surprisingly truthful results, which only increased its popularity in the world community. What kind of person did this test? What made him explore such a complex thing as human intellect? To understand this issue, you need to look into the past, learn about the difficult but interesting life of Professor Eysenck.
Biography
Hans Jürgen Eysenck was born in 1916 in Berlin. The family in which the great scientist was born was quite unusual - his father was shot in comedic movies, and his mother was a famous actress of silent movies. Naturally, parents wanted to attach their son to their profitable profession, even helped little Eisenk to play his first role in the film. But young Hans did not want to become an actor, he was attracted by the vast expanses of scientific thought.
After graduating from high school, Eysenck entered the University of Berlin to study philosophy there. However, he did not support the ideology of the Nazis, who then occupied an increasing place in the German hearts.
All these factors forced the family Aizenkovmove to France. True, they stayed there for a short time, just a year, during which Hans studied literature and history. Then the family of the future genius of psychology moved to England, where she stayed to live. Here Eysenck entered the University of London at the Faculty of Psychology, since the requirements in the physics department were too high. In 1940, Hans Eysenck became a doctor of psychology.
Works
During the Second World War, Dr. Eysenckworked in a hospital for the rehabilitation of soldiers who received mental disabilities in the war. There he not only helped patients, but also conducted experiments on them, asking many questions about their inner experiences. After the war, Hans founded the Department of Psychology at the London Institute of Psychiatry. It was she who became his permanent place of work until his death.
Not everyone liked the unusual doctorpsychology, some of his works caused frank dislike in people. Of course, the test for intelligence, the technique of diagnosing self-esteem of mental states by Eysenck or his famous temperament test have gained worldwide popularity. Everyone wants to know more about himself or make sure that his intellect is higher than the others.
But not all Hans Eysenck's studies fell onsoul to the public. Some of his works were openly racist in nature. For example, a work in which a scientist wrote that the level of intelligence is determined by genes, and black people, on average, are 15 points below the white man. Many sciences like eugenics or astrology, popular in the Third Reich, attracted a psychologist. The idea of creating a superman was also close to Eysenck, which is clearly felt in his books.
Repeatedly Hans was subjected to harsh criticism andattacks of left radical organizations. Despite this, he calmly continued his work, completely ignoring the ill-wishers. Many of his works, such as Eysenck's method for temperament, deserved unprecedented popularity and brought worldwide fame to his creator. The great psychologist died in 1997, having published a huge number of works used in psychology to this day. The ambiguous reputation of Hans Eysenck can not overshadow his significant achievements in the field of psychology.
Eysenck's method for determining temperament
The temperament test is based onthe assumption that the nervous system of a person inherent certain innate qualities that significantly affect the formation of personality. A great role in the creation of this test was played by Pavlov's research. Hans Eysenck suggested that some of the strongest traits of character that he singled out in two types - extraversion and introversion, stability and neuroticism - have the greatest influence on the personality. It is the combination of these features that form the temperament of a person.
Methodology of the study of Eysenck's temperamentrevealed that the combination of introversion and stability creates a calm, peace-loving, kind and caring, but passive person. But if the introversion is combined with neuroticism, the result will be a closed, pessimistic, suspicious individual, suffering from constant mood swings. The combination of extrovert and stability makes a person sociable, cheerful, friendly, endows him with excellent leadership qualities. But if extraversion is combined with neuroticism, then an aggressive, impermanent, vulnerable and impulsive personality emerges.
What is a temperament test?
Eysenck's method for determining temperamentincludes a number of issues aimed at identifying the basic qualities of the human personality. For example, some of the questions are designed to reveal extraversion or introverted personality. The other part is needed to determine the emotional stability, and some are only for checking the probity of the subject to establish the reliability of the results. There are two test cases to be able to conduct a retest, without fear that the research object has memorized their previous responses.
Interpretation of the test is simple enough thateveryone could spend it on their own. The method of diagnosis of the temperament Eysenck suggests that there is a certain coordinate plane, on the horizon of which is the scale "extroverts-introvert", it marks the sum of points for answering the questions, designed to determine extraversion. Some questions give a score for the answer "yes", some for the answer "no". The scale starts from 1 point and ends at 24, respectively, the center is 12. The same scale along the vertical determines the neuroticism of the individual.
Counting scores and marking them on the coordinateplane, you get a point that will characterize your personality. This point is at the intersection of two coordinates. Remember that it is impossible to meet any type of temperament in its pure form, in all there are traits of all four types. However, some of them will be dominant. It is to identify the dominant type of temperament and this method is created. Type temperament Eysenck is not acquired quality, so it is unrealistic to change the dominant temperament completely, you can only slightly dilute it, adjusting to life circumstances.
Eysenck's method - self-assessment of mental states
A test for self-assessment of mental states createdso that you can find out how often the subject falls into certain mental states. In this test, there are 4 groups of questions, 10 each.
This testing allows you to better understand yourself, notresorting to the help of outside people. Using it, you can find out what you need to change in your personality for a more harmonious life. This is a very popular technique Eysenck. The mental states described in it can not be completely avoided, but it is quite possible to put them in order, to become a balanced, happy person.
Interpretation of results
The first group of questions is intended forchecking a person for anxiety. The number of points from 0 to 7 is a sign of low anxiety, a person with such results is calm and enjoys life. From 8 to 14 points - the average level of anxiety, most people are suitable for this category. 15 points or more indicate an extremely high level of anxiety, this is a signal that means it's time to take measures to restore mental health.
The second set of questions clarifies the levelfrustration of the subject. If a person scored from 0 to 7 points in this group of questions, then his self-esteem is high, failures and difficulties do not frighten him. 8-14 points - a normal level, frustration happens, but not very often. From 15 points - a constant frustration caused by low self-esteem and a catastrophic insecurity in their abilities. People with this level of frustration avoid difficulties, even a small failure can deal a crushing blow to their mental balance.
Questions of the third group define aggressivenesssubject. If Eysenck's self-assessment methodology shows from 0 to 7 points in this group of questions, this is a sign of a calm and balanced person. From 8 to 14 points - an acceptable level of aggression, most people belong to this group. Aggression takes place, but arises only for some reason and is partially controlled by man. If the subject gets more than 15 points in the questions of the third group, then he definitely has problems with anger and aggression, which can create serious difficulties in communicating with people.
The last group of questions assess rigidityrights. If the points scored are 0-7, then the subject easily changes the changes, changes the world view without any problems under the influence of weighty arguments, quickly adapts to the new situation. 8-14 points - a normal level of rigidity, it is not easy for a person to adapt and change, but under the circumstances, it is quite possible. From 15 to 20 points - a very strong rigidity, the inability to change their beliefs even under the influence of incontrovertible facts, changes at work or in the family bear a serious stress to such an immature subject.
IQ test
Perhaps the most popular technique Eysenck - a test for the level of intelligence, or IQ. It is used everywhere: from hiring to free online tests.
Questions in this test of Eysenck are designed forpeople from 18 years of age with completed secondary education. They need to solve problems that do not require any specific knowledge, but only test the ability to logical thinking. Therefore, the IQ test is suitable for everyone, regardless of education and profession. This is probably the most common method Eysenck. Intellect is one of the main qualities necessary for survival in the modern world, its development and measurement are incredibly important for humanity.
How does the IQ test work?
The test is given for 30 minutes. Over this period of time, you need to answer 40 questions. If the question is too complicated, you can skip it and proceed to the next one to save some time. As practice has shown, some questions are very simple, while others introduce stupor, absorbing the subject's time, reducing the overall result. Therefore, you need to competently manage time and do not get hung up on any issues, you can return to them later.
This testing is not the same as, for example,Eysenck's method for temperament, because here all the questions are allotted only 30 minutes, which does not allow the person undergoing testing to relax, constantly keeps him in suspense.
Is it worth it to believe the tests?
Hans Eysenck created many wonderful tests,commonly used in our society. However, do not completely rely on them, because the human mind is a dense forest. Scientists have only slightly examined its surface, but the depths of the mind are still a mystery.
Despite this, Eysenck's tests are able to identifythe most serious violations in emotional or intellectual development. For example, a person who scored less than 80 points in the IQ test clearly has problems with mental development.
Results by Eysenck's method may also bein time to report serious violations in the work of the psyche. Thus, minor defects or problems hidden deep in the subconscious are unlikely to be revealed to you with Eysenck's tests, but if you answer questions honestly, then the information obtained as a result will certainly make you think. Each method Eysenck - the result of hard work and numerous studies. The creation of some of Hans's tests was inspired by the works of ancient thinkers. Also of great importance in the works of this remarkable scientist are the studies of IP Pavlov, who also made an invaluable contribution to science.
Where can I take Eysenck tests?
The Internet has created a huge number of sites,on which you can read all about the tests, and even pass them online. In the World Wide Web each technique of Eysenck, description, questions and ways of scoring of points are presented - all these are offered by numerous sites dedicated to psychology. All kinds of social centers and psychologists are also ready to conduct "live" testing. However, it is likely to cost money.
Another thing is testing online. Here you will be provided with a convenient interface for completing the entire procedure and will explain in detail what's what.
Of course, to pass or not tests Eysenck - personaleveryone's business, except in cases when the employer requires it. But if you have a little free time, then instead of spending it on entertainment and bad habits, you can better know your character, assess the strengths or weaknesses of your personality. This will help to develop the most effective life strategy, use your strengths and cover vulnerable places.
Each technique Eysenck - the fruit of his many yearslabor. This unusual scientist believed that the human mind can be measured. His whole life was imbued with this unshakable faith in the boundless possibilities of psychology, and it has borne fruit. As many as 84 books were written by Hans Eysenck, his work is inspired by the ardent researchers of modern times, and psychologist's tests are used around the globe and have proved themselves well. Do not miss the opportunity to touch your inner world, pass Eysenck's tests, and, perhaps, this will forever change your life.
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