Types of subordinate word association in word combinations

The phrase and sentence are syntacticThe constructions that make up a slender system of any language. Structural and functional features of word combinations and sentences study the syntax - one of the sections of grammar.

What is the phrase and sentence? A word combination is two or more significant words, fastened by a subordinate connection. The sentence is a complex unit of language, the main function of which is communicative, therefore, it is formed intonationally and has certain forms of mood and time. Individual words in the sentence have a certain semantic connection between themselves, due to which, in fact, their communicative and semantic function develops. Such relationships are called syntactic. They, in turn, are divided into the composition and subordination. In the proposals there are both types of connection, in the phrase - only one - subordinate (as mentioned above).

Subordinate communication in phrases

In the very title "subordinate" is brightthe essence of this grammatical connection is traced, where two words always occupy different positions: one acts as the principal, and the other - the dependent, subordinate to him, and his grammatical attributes (number, case and gender) fully or partially correspond and are determined by the main word. Depending on the degree of subordination of the secondary word, there are different types of subordinate communication.

Harmonization

Grammatical features of the dependent word underThis kind of syntactic connection fully corresponds and is determined by a significant, main word. For example: a stone flower, a large city (an eminent pad, a river, a unit part), cirrus clouds, golden cities (plural, eminent pad.), Many beautiful people (birth pad, many hours). And, if the main word changes its grammatical form, it changes, respectively, for the subordinate. For example, an autumn leaf (name-bearing item), an autumn leaf (childlike item), an autumn leaf (creates etc.), etc.

As a dependent component for reconciliationin phrases are able to perform various parts of speech - adjectives (beautiful dress), participles (jumping ball), ordinal numbers (second class), numerals (with two rooms). It is very important to note here that such kinds of subordinate communication as coordination are impossible with verbs, adverbs, and verbal participles, i.e. parts of speech that have no gender, no number, no case. The noun also always acts as a determining, main word in the process of agreement, and in no case can be dependent, because it does not change by birth.

In the phrase matching between hiscomponents can be complete, coinciding in all grammatical features, or partial, when the coincidence occurs on one or two grounds. For example: a flying Dutchman, a red heat (complete agreement), our postman (partial).

The following types of subordinate communication in the phrase are constructed according to other grammatical principles.

Control

In management, the subordinate word is put inan oblique case with a preposition or without, which is determined by the semantic meaning of the main component of the phrase. For example: run around the room (the dependent word "around the room" is in the prepositional case), watch the film (the dependent word "film" stands in the accusative case), met interesting people (instrumental with a preposition). It should be noted that, unlike the coordination in management when the form of the main word changes, the dependent does not change. For example: to sing a song - singing a song - singing a song - I will sing a song.

In management, the main words can beverbs, nouns or adverbs. These types of subordinate communication are called smooth, primal or direct control. For example: read poetry, a bowl of soup, alone with everyone. Management can be either prepositional (with the participation of a preposition) or an alternative, and also strong, when the lexico-grammatical form of the main word necessarily imposes a dependent component alongside (eg: devotion to friends, sent letter), or weak when such dependence is not traced (for example : a letter in the envelope, a vase on the table).

Adjunction

Types of subordinate communication in words, in whichThe dependent word is determined by the main only by its meaning, is called an adjunction. Here, the subordinate word can be an adverb (quickly reads), a gerundive (do it by sleeve), a comparative adjective or an adverb (fur fluffy, throw further), possessive pronouns (her room).

How to determine the types of subordinate communication

To correctly establish the type of connection, to startIt is necessary to determine the main and subordinate words and part of the speech of this dependent component. Unchangeable parts of speech are involved in contiguity. If, when changing the basic word, it changes its grammatical attributes and the subordinate, then this is an agreement. Finally, we need to ask the question from the main to the dependent word, and if this question is related to some circumstantial case, then this is management.