System-activity approach in training

The educational system in Russia for many yearsThe first plan was to master the knowledge that forms the basis of many sciences. The students knew a fairly large number of dates, facts, names, concepts. However, recent studies have shown that, in comparison with Western schoolchildren, students of Russian educational institutions, it is difficult to apply this knowledge in practice. Many children who participated in the experiment were at a dead end before non-standard tasks, it was also difficult for them to make analysis and interpretation of any data, forecasting. This was one of the reasons for the reform and introduction of new GEF into schools, which are based on the system-activity approach in teaching. It is based primarily on the compliance of students' activities with their individual abilities, abilities and age.

For the first time, the term "system-activity approach" intraining was introduced in Soviet pedagogy. He combined the two concepts that preceded him. So, system activity was developed and introduced into practice by such classics of pedagogy as B. Ananyev, B. Lomov and others. L. Vygotsky, A. Luria, D. Elkonin was more close to the activity-based approach in education. They believed that this way of learning helps not only to absorb knowledge, but also develops cognitive forces, as well as the creative potential of students. This approach is contrasted with the verbal method of teaching that is habitual in Russian education, in which children are passive, and subsequently do not know how to apply practically acquired skills and knowledge. This way is spread not only in general education institutions, but also in higher education institutions, colleges, technical schools, etc. Thus, when coming to work, most of the graduates have to be retrained, theoretical knowledge to try to apply, not always successfully, in practice.

System-activity approach in trainingimplies the development and upbringing of such personal qualities that will meet the requirements of a new information society built on tolerance, a dialogue of cultures and respect for others. These are key points that are important in modern education.

The system-activity approach is used inteaching mathematics, the Russian language and other subjects. For this, it is important for the teacher to organize the educational process in such a way that conditions for the development of the personality and its subsequent self-realization are created, which should be based on continuous education. The technology of such an approach to teaching includes the development of motivation, the actualization of existing knowledge and skills, such a presentation of new material to induce students to independently find a solution.

In addition, in the classroom with teachers,using this technique, there should be such steps as primary fixation of the topic in external speech, self-examination, reflection and inclusion of the new in repetition. Since the system-activity approach implies first of all the work of the children themselves at the lesson, most of the tasks, regardless of the subject, should be practical.

It is important to teach students to find a way out ofnonstandard situations, be able to independently acquire new knowledge, analyze, draw conclusions, compare. Also, interdisciplinary connections should be involved, that is, in the lesson of mathematics, it is possible to give an assignment that is of an ecological nature, and on natural history or biology give an arithmetical task. This will help to increase existing knowledge, teach them to apply them in practice, which is the main goal of modern education.

Modernization of schools and programs thatare used - a nonrandom phenomenon. This is the result of the request of a new society in which not only an educated but also thinking person who knows how to learn and is distinguished by intellectual lability can take a worthy place.